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versions of Git have a heap buffer overflow in the three-way merge\ncode (xdiff), which an attacker can trigger through a repository they\ncontrol.\n\nWhen Git merges a file, it first adds up the size of the merged\noutput, allocates a buffer of that size, and then writes the output into\nit. That total was kept in a 32-bit signed integer. The\nconflict-marker-size attribute, which can be set from a committed\n.gitattributes file, accepts any positive integer, and the markers are\nwritten several times for every conflict. A small file with a huge marker\nsize and many separate conflicts can therefore push the total past 4 GiB,\nso the integer wraps to a small value and Git writes attacker-controlled\nmerge output past the end of a buffer that is too small. At minimum this\ncrashes Git, and because the overflow is large and its contents are largely\nattacker-controlled, worse heap corruption is possible.\n\nAny command that does a textual three-way merge can trigger it, such\nas git-merge(1), git-rebase(1), git-cherry-pick(1), and\ngit-merge-tree(1). The latter is most likely a target for Git forges,\nwhich might use git-merge-tree(1) on the server-side to check\nmergeability. When the server reads attributes from trees in the\nrepository (for example through attr.tree or --attr-source), any\nuser who can push branches and request that they be merged (for\nexample by opening a pull or merge request) can trigger the overflow\nwithout anyone else doing anything, and the data they push is small\nbecause the oversized output only appears during the merge.\n\nThe problem has been patched by computing the size as size_t and\nchecking every addition for overflow, so Git stops with an error\ninstead of overflowing.\n\nServers that cannot upgrade right away can add\n\n* conflict-marker-size=7\n\nto each repository's info/attributes as a workaround, which overrides\nany in-tree .gitattributes, or turn off server-side mergeability checks for\nuntrusted repositories."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"9c74e5fd85350dce","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:git-init-template:git-init-template:2.54.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:git-init-template:git_init_template:2.54.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:git_init_template:git-init-template:2.54.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:git_init_template:git_init_template:2.54.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:git-init:git-init-template:2.54.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:git-init:git_init_template:2.54.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:git_init:git-init-template:2.54.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:git_init:git_init_template:2.54.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:git:git-init-template:2.54.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:git:git_init_template:2.54.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"git-init-template","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/git-init-template@2.54.0-r0?arch=x86_64&distro=alpine-3.24.3&upstream=git","type":"apk","version":"2.54.0-r0","language":"","licenses":["GPL-2.0-only"],"metadata":{"Arch":"x86_64","files":[{"path":"/usr"},{"path":"/usr/share"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/description"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/hooks"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/hooks/applypatch-msg.sample"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/hooks/commit-msg.sample"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/hooks/post-update.sample"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/hooks/pre-applypatch.sample"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/hooks/pre-commit.sample"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/hooks/pre-merge-commit.sample"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/hooks/pre-push.sample"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/hooks/pre-rebase.sample"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/hooks/pre-receive.sample"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/hooks/prepare-commit-msg.sample"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/hooks/push-to-checkout.sample"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/hooks/sendemail-validate.sample"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/hooks/update.sample"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/info"},{"path":"/usr/share/git-core/templates/info/exclude"}]},"locations":[{"path":"/lib/apk/db/installed","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/lib/apk/db/installed","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[{"name":"git"}],"metadataType":"ApkMetadata"},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"2.54.1-r0"},"type":"exact-indirect-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-105437","versionConstraint":"< 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versions of Git have a heap buffer overflow in the three-way merge\ncode (xdiff), which an attacker can trigger through a repository they\ncontrol.\n\nWhen Git merges a file, it first adds up the size of the merged\noutput, allocates a buffer of that size, and then writes the output into\nit. That total was kept in a 32-bit signed integer. The\nconflict-marker-size attribute, which can be set from a committed\n.gitattributes file, accepts any positive integer, and the markers are\nwritten several times for every conflict. A small file with a huge marker\nsize and many separate conflicts can therefore push the total past 4 GiB,\nso the integer wraps to a small value and Git writes attacker-controlled\nmerge output past the end of a buffer that is too small. At minimum this\ncrashes Git, and because the overflow is large and its contents are largely\nattacker-controlled, worse heap corruption is possible.\n\nAny command that does a textual three-way merge can trigger it, such\nas git-merge(1), git-rebase(1), git-cherry-pick(1), and\ngit-merge-tree(1). The latter is most likely a target for Git forges,\nwhich might use git-merge-tree(1) on the server-side to check\nmergeability. When the server reads attributes from trees in the\nrepository (for example through attr.tree or --attr-source), any\nuser who can push branches and request that they be merged (for\nexample by opening a pull or merge request) can trigger the overflow\nwithout anyone else doing anything, and the data they push is small\nbecause the oversized output only appears during the merge.\n\nThe problem has been patched by computing the size as size_t and\nchecking every addition for overflow, so Git stops with an error\ninstead of overflowing.\n\nServers that cannot upgrade right away can add\n\n* conflict-marker-size=7\n\nto each repository's info/attributes as a workaround, which overrides\nany in-tree .gitattributes, or turn off server-side mergeability checks for\nuntrusted repositories."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"e7441be1c44f5c7a","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:undici:8.10.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"],"name":"undici","purl":"pkg:npm/undici@8.10.0","type":"npm","version":"8.10.0","language":"javascript","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"8.10.2"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-rfgv-xxqx-mfg5","versionConstraint":">=8.0.0,<8.10.2 (semantic)"},"matcher":"javascript-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"undici","version":"8.10.0"},"language":"javascript","namespace":"github:language:javascript"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-rfgv-xxqx-mfg5","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["8.10.2"],"available":[{"date":"2026-09-30","kind":"first-observed","version":"8.10.2"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":7.5,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-19534","cwe":"CWE-248","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"},{"cve":"CVE-2026-19534","cwe":"CWE-252","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-19534","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00394,"percentile":0.3403}],"risk":0.29550000000000004,"urls":["https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-rfgv-xxqx-mfg5","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-19534","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/2af0faf88b906d3127a360c3ac75164c0f95e5a5","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/6615e0175e9b635bcd2e3e87a47daa82f6f5b728","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/66e12816064cf3068f63bd134748b7fc4e779bad","https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v6.28.1","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v7.29.1","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v8.10.2"],"severity":"High","namespace":"github:language:javascript","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-rfgv-xxqx-mfg5","description":"undici vulnerable to Denial of Service via unrequested WebSocket subprotocol"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-19534","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":7.5,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-19534","cwe":"CWE-248","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"},{"cve":"CVE-2026-19534","cwe":"CWE-252","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-19534","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00394,"percentile":0.3403}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-rfgv-xxqx-mfg5"],"severity":"High","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-19534","description":"undici's WebSocket client crashes the whole Node.js process during the opening handshake when a server responds with a subprotocol that the client never requested. A default WebSocket connection sends no subprotocol, but if the server's 101 response includes a Sec-WebSocket-Protocol header, undici dereferences a null value while checking it against the requested list and throws an uncaught TypeError. Because that code runs inside a microtask with no surrounding error handling, the exception propagates and terminates the process under Node's default behavior, instead of gracefully failing the connection as required by the WebSocket protocol. Any application that opens a WebSocket to an attacker-controlled or compromised server, or over a plaintext connection subject to a machine-in-the-middle, can be crashed remotely without authentication in the default configuration. This affects undici versions from 6.7.0 up to 6.28.1, from 7.0.0 up to 7.29.1, and from 8.0.0 up to 8.10.2. Users should upgrade to undici 6.28.1, 7.29.1, or 8.10.2."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"6a1322b2ad422966","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:openjsf:body-parser:2.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"],"name":"body-parser","purl":"pkg:npm/body-parser@2.3.0","type":"npm","version":"2.3.0","language":"javascript","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/node_modules/body-parser/package.json","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/node_modules/body-parser/package.json","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"2.4.0"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-27r3-jxmh-p828","versionConstraint":">=2.0.0,<2.4.0 (semantic)"},"matcher":"javascript-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"body-parser","version":"2.3.0"},"language":"javascript","namespace":"github:language:javascript"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-27r3-jxmh-p828","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["2.4.0"],"available":[{"date":"2026-10-24","kind":"first-observed","version":"2.4.0"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":7.5,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-111181","cwe":"CWE-248","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-111181","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00388,"percentile":0.33344}],"risk":0.29100000000000004,"urls":["https://github.com/expressjs/body-parser/security/advisories/GHSA-27r3-jxmh-p828","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-111181","https://github.com/expressjs/body-parser/commit/1260c3845f54502a05a87594f09a334786bb34d7","https://github.com/expressjs/body-parser/commit/f7075eae3a84c3473ab4bf0a777da28db208e916","https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/expressjs/body-parser/releases/tag/1.20.9","https://github.com/expressjs/body-parser/releases/tag/v2.4.0"],"severity":"High","namespace":"github:language:javascript","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-27r3-jxmh-p828","description":"body-parser vulnerable to Denial of Service via trailing bytes after a compressed request body"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-111181","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":7.5,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-111181","cwe":"CWE-248","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-111181","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00388,"percentile":0.33344}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/expressjs/body-parser/security/advisories/GHSA-27r3-jxmh-p828"],"severity":"High","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-111181","description":"body-parser is body parsing middleware for Node.js and Express. In versions before 1.20.9 and in versions from 2.0.0 before 2.4.0, a single request can crash any application using body-parser with default options. When a request carries a Content-Encoding such as gzip, body-parser pipes it into a decompression stream and, after reading the body, leaves that stream with no error listener. A payload of one valid compressed frame followed by trailing bytes decodes and the application responds normally, but the trailing bytes then reach the already-finished decoder, which emits an error that is re-thrown as an uncaught exception and terminates the process. No matching route is required because body parsing runs before routing, so any endpoint that parses a body is affected. The issue is fixed in body-parser 2.4.0 and 1.20.9, and users should upgrade to one of those versions or later. As a workaround, disable request-body inflation (set the body-parser inflate option to false) so encoded requests are rejected before any decompression stream is created."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"a86c9d24f9bb5883","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:qs_project:qs:6.15.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"],"name":"qs","purl":"pkg:npm/qs@6.15.3","type":"npm","version":"6.15.3","language":"javascript","licenses":["BSD-3-Clause"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/node_modules/qs/package.json","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/node_modules/qs/package.json","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"6.16.0"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-x5fp-wj9c-mxmx","versionConstraint":">=6.14.2,<=6.15.3 (semantic)"},"matcher":"javascript-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"qs","version":"6.15.3"},"language":"javascript","namespace":"github:language:javascript"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-x5fp-wj9c-mxmx","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["6.16.0"],"available":[{"date":"2026-09-02","kind":"first-observed","version":"6.16.0"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","metrics":{"baseScore":3.7,"impactScore":1.5,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}},{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","metrics":{"baseScore":6.3},"version":"4.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-82562","cwe":"CWE-770","type":"Secondary","source":"7ffcee3d-2c14-4c3e-b844-86c6a321a158"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-82562","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.0054,"percentile":0.45894}],"risk":0.27,"urls":["https://github.com/ljharb/qs/security/advisories/GHSA-w7fw-mjwx-w883","https://github.com/ljharb/qs/security/advisories/GHSA-x5fp-wj9c-mxmx","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-82562","https://github.com/ljharb/qs/commit/8859c37470e11b42b547b275e4e9bd0bc8cc5464"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"github:language:javascript","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-x5fp-wj9c-mxmx","description":"qs array-limit bypass via bracket-key comma parsing"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-82562","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"7ffcee3d-2c14-4c3e-b844-86c6a321a158","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","metrics":{"baseScore":6.3},"version":"4.0","vendorMetadata":{}},{"type":"Secondary","source":"7ffcee3d-2c14-4c3e-b844-86c6a321a158","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","metrics":{"baseScore":3.7,"impactScore":1.5,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-82562","cwe":"CWE-770","type":"Secondary","source":"7ffcee3d-2c14-4c3e-b844-86c6a321a158"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-82562","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.0054,"percentile":0.45894}],"urls":["https://github.com/ljharb/qs/commit/8859c37470e11b42b547b275e4e9bd0bc8cc5464","https://github.com/ljharb/qs/security/advisories/GHSA-w7fw-mjwx-w883","https://github.com/ljharb/qs/security/advisories/GHSA-x5fp-wj9c-mxmx"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-82562","description":"### Summary\n\n\n\nWhen `qs.parse` is called with `comma: true` and `throwOnLimitExceeded: true`, a comma-separated value under a bracket-push key (`a[]=1,2,3,4`) is split into an array without being compared against `arrayLimit`, while the same value under a flat key (`a=1,2,3,4`), an indexed key (`a[0]=`), a nested key (`a[b]=`), or a dotted key (`a.b=` with `allowDots`) throws the documented `RangeError`. A single parameter such as `a[]=1,2,2,...` therefore produces an inner array of arbitrary length even though the caller opted into the hard limit. This is the `[]=` key form that the fix for CVE-2026-2391 (qs 6.14.2) did not cover.\n\n\n\n### Details\n\n\n\nIn `lib/parse.js`, a comma-separated value under a `[]=` key is split and then wrapped as a single nested element (`val = [val]`, so that each `a[]=x,y` group counts as one element of the outer array). The `arrayLimit` check that 6.14.2 added for comma values runs after that wrap, so for `[]=` parts it only ever saw the wrapper of length 1. 6.15.3 added a pre-split comma count so that an oversized value throws before it is allocated, but gated it on an `isFlatArrayValue` flag that `parseValues` set to `false` for any part containing `[]=`, and did not pass it for object-valued input, so the gap remained.\n\n\n\n#### PoC\n\n\n\n```js\n\n\n\nvar qs = require('qs');\n\n\n\nvar options = { comma: true, arrayLimit: 3, throwOnLimitExceeded: true };\n\n\n\nqs.parse('a=1,2,3,4', options);   // RangeError: Array limit exceeded. Only 3 elements allowed in an array.\n\n\n\nqs.parse('a[]=1,2,3,4', options); // { a: [ [ '1', '2', '3', '4' ] ] }  (no throw)\n\n\n\nqs.parse('a[]=' + '1,'.repeat(1000000) + '1', { comma: true, arrayLimit: 20, throwOnLimitExceeded: true });\n\n\n\n// no throw; a 1,000,001-element inner array is allocated\n\n\n\n```\n\n\n\n#### Fix\n\n\n\n`lib/parse.js`, applied in 8859c37 on `main` and released as v6.16.0: the `isFlatArrayValue` gate is removed, so every comma-split value is counted against `arrayLimit` before splitting regardless of key form. An in-limit group under `a[]=` still counts as one element of the outer array, and the default (`throwOnLimitExceeded: false`) path is unchanged.\n\n\n\n### Affected versions\n\n\n\n`>=6.14.2 <6.16.0`, fixed in v6.16.0.\n\n\n\nv6.14.2 introduced `arrayLimit` enforcement for comma values (the fix for CVE-2026-2391) but only for values not under a `[]=` key, and every release from v6.14.2 through v6.15.3 has the same gap. v6.14.0 and v6.14.1, where `throwOnLimitExceeded` exists but does not apply to any comma form, are covered by CVE-2026-2391 rather than this record. Earlier lines (6.7.x through 6.13.x) have `comma` but no `throwOnLimitExceeded`, so there is no hard cap on any comma path to bypass; releases before 6.7.0 have no `comma` option.\n\n\n\n### Impact\n\n\n\nAn unauthenticated attacker who can reach an application that parses untrusted query strings or urlencoded bodies with both `comma: true` and `throwOnLimitExceeded: true` (both non-default) can bypass the configured limit with a single `a[]=` parameter and force the parser to allocate an array proportional to the request size. The cost is strictly linear in the attacker-supplied bytes (about 0.1 microseconds and 6 to 7 retained bytes per input byte; the same out-of-memory threshold as the documented default `throwOnLimitExceeded: false` path), so a transport-layer request or body size limit bounds it completely (and node's default maximum HTTP header size of 16 KB already bounds the request line, so multi-megabyte payloads need a body parser). The impact is that an opt-in hard limit fails open on one key spelling, not unbounded allocation from a small input."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"9a37a9654fbeeccb","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:actionpack_project:actionpack:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:ruby:*:*"],"name":"actionpack","purl":"pkg:gem/actionpack@8.1.3.1","type":"gem","version":"8.1.3.1","language":"ruby","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.4.0/specifications/actionpack-8.1.3.1.gemspec","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.4.0/specifications/actionpack-8.1.3.1.gemspec","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"8.1.4.1"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-2gff-2mmg-m73p","versionConstraint":">=8.1.0.beta1,<8.1.4.1 (gem)"},"matcher":"ruby-gem-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"actionpack","version":"8.1.3.1"},"language":"ruby","namespace":"github:language:ruby"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-2gff-2mmg-m73p","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["8.1.4.1"],"available":[{"date":"2026-11-11","kind":"first-observed","version":"8.1.4.1"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":7.4,"impactScore":5.2,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126083","cwe":"CWE-348","type":"Primary","source":"security-advisories@github.com"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126083","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00357,"percentile":0.29857}],"risk":0.265965,"urls":["https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-2gff-2mmg-m73p","https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/2a01a5ac521184419d9a92fa2c25e102e68cd227","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.4.1","https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionpack/GHSA-2gff-2mmg-m73p.yml"],"severity":"High","namespace":"github:language:ruby","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2gff-2mmg-m73p","description":"Action Pack: Possible IP spoofing in Action Dispatch RemoteIp"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-126083","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"security-advisories@github.com","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":7.4,"impactScore":5.2,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126083","cwe":"CWE-348","type":"Primary","source":"security-advisories@github.com"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126083","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00357,"percentile":0.29857}],"urls":["https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/2a01a5ac521184419d9a92fa2c25e102e68cd227","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.4.1","https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-2gff-2mmg-m73p"],"severity":"High","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-126083","description":"Action Pack is a framework for handling and responding to web requests. From 8.1 until 8.1.4.1, Since Rails 8.1.0, ActionDispatch::RemoteIp derives request.remote_ip from Rack::Request#forwarded_for, which under Rack 3 reads the RFC 7239 Forwarded header in preference to X-Forwarded-For. When a reverse proxy appends the client address to X-Forwarded-For but passes a client-supplied Forwarded header through unchanged, request.remote_ip returns an address chosen by the client, and the IP spoofing check does not raise, because it compares only Client-Ip with the forwarded addresses. An unauthenticated attacker could therefore spoof request.remote_ip, possibly bypassing IP-based access controls and rate limits keyed on the client address (including the default by: of rate_limit), and falsifying the client address in logs. An application is affected if it meets all of these requirements: Runs Rails 8.1.0 through 8.1.4 with Rack 3. Under Rack 2.2, forwarded_for reads only X-Forwarded-For. Is served behind a proxy that does not remove or overwrite a client-supplied Forwarded header. Relies on request.remote_ip for access control, rate limiting, or auditing. The fix detects a spoofed Forwarded header only when the proxy also sets X-Forwarded-For. An application whose proxy passes a client-supplied Forwarded header through and sets no X-Forwarded-For remains exposed after upgrading, and should configure the proxy to remove or overwrite Forwarded, or apply the workaround below. This issue is fixed in version 8.1.4.1."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"e7441be1c44f5c7a","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:undici:8.10.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"],"name":"undici","purl":"pkg:npm/undici@8.10.0","type":"npm","version":"8.10.0","language":"javascript","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"8.10.2"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-pmjh-fq2x-6v4x","versionConstraint":">=8.0.0,<8.10.2 (semantic)"},"matcher":"javascript-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"undici","version":"8.10.0"},"language":"javascript","namespace":"github:language:javascript"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-pmjh-fq2x-6v4x","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["8.10.2"],"available":[{"date":"2026-09-30","kind":"first-observed","version":"8.10.2"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":5.9,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-18149","cwe":"CWE-772","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-18149","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00481,"percentile":0.41946}],"risk":0.262145,"urls":["https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-pmjh-fq2x-6v4x","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-18149","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/3c6726599cea8646384dde846c97d630da472a74","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/e905b5b87e6953bcc542af90557b2fee5b7b5974","https://hackerone.com/reports/3892751","https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v7.29.1","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v8.10.2"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"github:language:javascript","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-pmjh-fq2x-6v4x","description":"undici vulnerable to Denial of Service via orphaned RetryHandler response body"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-18149","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":5.9,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-18149","cwe":"CWE-772","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-18149","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00481,"percentile":0.41946}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-pmjh-fq2x-6v4x"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-18149","description":"undici's retry handler can leave an already-exposed response body pending forever. When a server returns a successful response that declares a Content-Length, sends only part of the body, and closes the connection, the retry handler retries the request. If the retry returns a non-retryable status such as 400, the handler forwards that new response downstream and replaces its internal response stream, but the original response body that the application still holds is never ended or destroyed. As a result calls that read that body never settle, and the configured body timeout does not fire because its timer is tied to the connection parser rather than the orphaned body. An attacker-controlled server can trigger this with two short responses without keeping a connection open, and repeated requests accumulate pending promises and streams that can exhaust application concurrency or memory. This affects undici versions from 7.11.0 up to 7.29.1 and from 8.0.0 up to 8.10.2. Users should upgrade to undici 7.29.1 or 8.10.2."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"e7441be1c44f5c7a","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:undici:8.10.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"],"name":"undici","purl":"pkg:npm/undici@8.10.0","type":"npm","version":"8.10.0","language":"javascript","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"8.12.2"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-xjj6-f33q-929c","versionConstraint":">=8.0.0,<8.12.2 (semantic)"},"matcher":"javascript-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"undici","version":"8.10.0"},"language":"javascript","namespace":"github:language:javascript"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-xjj6-f33q-929c","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["8.12.2"],"available":[{"date":"2026-10-24","kind":"first-observed","version":"8.12.2"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":7.5,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109869","cwe":"CWE-248","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"},{"cve":"CVE-2026-109869","cwe":"CWE-459","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109869","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00344,"percentile":0.28274}],"risk":0.258,"urls":["https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-xjj6-f33q-929c","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-109869","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/07ded4941b1e72afec862958c3b8ddf468f3b429","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/1325a87dfb3492f8e87e6b0a84b3bda4e82e3436","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/b5084c7dc239172d75c336b1cd51ddac023938a5","https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v6.29.1","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v7.30.1","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v8.12.2"],"severity":"High","namespace":"github:language:javascript","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-xjj6-f33q-929c","description":"undici vulnerable to Denial of Service via unhandled error on excessive content-encodings"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-109869","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":7.5,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109869","cwe":"CWE-248","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"},{"cve":"CVE-2026-109869","cwe":"CWE-459","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109869","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00344,"percentile":0.28274}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-xjj6-f33q-929c"],"severity":"High","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-109869","description":"undici is an HTTP client library for Node.js. In versions 6.23.0 through 6.29.0, 7.18.0 through 7.30.0, and 8.0.0 through 8.12.1, its fetch() implementation crashes the Node.js process when a malicious server returns a response with more than five content codings and closes the connection before sending the body. undici rejects such responses because of a content-encoding limit, but it created the internal response stream before that check and returned without attaching an error listener or aborting the request, so the early close surfaces a content-length mismatch on the orphaned stream, which Node.js treats as an unhandled error and terminates the process. A remote, unauthenticated server can trigger this with a single response, even when the application correctly catches the fetch() rejection, resulting in a denial of service. The issue is fixed in undici 6.29.1, 7.30.1, and 8.12.2, and users should upgrade to one of those versions or later. 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This vulnerability is associated with program files inftree9.C‎.\n\nThis issue affects gdal: before 3.11.0."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"3e1a285d1ba4668a","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:david-heinemeier-hansson:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:david_heinemeier_hansson:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:activestorage:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:ruby-lang:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:ruby_lang:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:ruby:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"activestorage","purl":"pkg:gem/activestorage@8.1.3.1","type":"gem","version":"8.1.3.1","language":"ruby","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.4.0/specifications/activestorage-8.1.3.1.gemspec","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.4.0/specifications/activestorage-8.1.3.1.gemspec","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"8.1.4.1"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-hfr4-8rjc-97m2","versionConstraint":">=8.1.0.beta1,<8.1.4.1 (gem)"},"matcher":"ruby-gem-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"activestorage","version":"8.1.3.1"},"language":"ruby","namespace":"github:language:ruby"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-hfr4-8rjc-97m2","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["8.1.4.1"],"available":[{"date":"2026-11-11","kind":"first-observed","version":"8.1.4.1"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":5.3,"impactScore":1.5,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126085","cwe":"CWE-602","type":"Primary","source":"security-advisories@github.com"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126085","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.0048,"percentile":0.41899}],"risk":0.24719999999999998,"urls":["https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-hfr4-8rjc-97m2","https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/7fe85a72a789eae5ee070ce3ee1dad10a8a5f70c","https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/e19916cea31cbfb0030b165ae853b741f8dd57a7","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.5.2","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.4.1","https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/activestorage/GHSA-hfr4-8rjc-97m2.yml"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"github:language:ruby","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hfr4-8rjc-97m2","description":"Active Storage: Possible circumvention of file size limits in Active Storage direct uploads to Google Cloud Storage"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-126085","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"security-advisories@github.com","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":5.3,"impactScore":1.5,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126085","cwe":"CWE-602","type":"Primary","source":"security-advisories@github.com"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126085","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.0048,"percentile":0.41899}],"urls":["https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/7fe85a72a789eae5ee070ce3ee1dad10a8a5f70c","https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/e19916cea31cbfb0030b165ae853b741f8dd57a7","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.5.2","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.4.1","https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-hfr4-8rjc-97m2"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-126085","description":"Active Storage makes it simple to upload and reference files in cloud services and attach those files to Active Record objects. 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An attacker who can supply the patch document can destroy addressable members of the target document even though the API reports that the patch failed, defeating the all-or-nothing behavior callers rely on to reject bad patches."},"relatedVulnerabilities":[]},{"artifact":{"id":"3d8b1cdb674fc4d5","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:proxy-addr:proxy-addr:2.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:proxy-addr:proxy_addr:2.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:proxy_addr:proxy-addr:2.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:proxy_addr:proxy_addr:2.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:proxy:proxy-addr:2.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:proxy:proxy_addr:2.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"proxy-addr","purl":"pkg:npm/proxy-addr@2.0.7","type":"npm","version":"2.0.7","language":"javascript","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/node_modules/proxy-addr/package.json","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/node_modules/proxy-addr/package.json","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"2.0.8"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-jqcg-44mw-7w3h","versionConstraint":">=1.1.0,<2.0.8 (semantic)"},"matcher":"javascript-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"proxy-addr","version":"2.0.7"},"language":"javascript","namespace":"github:language:javascript"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-jqcg-44mw-7w3h","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["2.0.8"],"available":[{"date":"2026-10-06","kind":"first-observed","version":"2.0.8"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":9.1,"impactScore":5.2,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-90711","cwe":"CWE-290","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"},{"cve":"CVE-2026-90711","cwe":"CWE-348","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"},{"cve":"CVE-2026-90711","cwe":"CWE-697","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-90711","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.0026,"percentile":0.17805}],"risk":0.2353,"urls":["https://github.com/jshttp/proxy-addr/security/advisories/GHSA-jqcg-44mw-7w3h","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-90711","https://github.com/jshttp/proxy-addr/commit/780911d84d18e2c5fa008ed0c0d387631ec11965","https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/jshttp/proxy-addr/releases/tag/v2.0.8"],"severity":"Critical","namespace":"github:language:javascript","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-jqcg-44mw-7w3h","description":"proxy-addr vulnerable to IP spoofing via IPv4-mapped IPv6 trust subnet"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-90711","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":9.1,"impactScore":5.2,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-90711","cwe":"CWE-290","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"},{"cve":"CVE-2026-90711","cwe":"CWE-348","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"},{"cve":"CVE-2026-90711","cwe":"CWE-697","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-90711","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.0026,"percentile":0.17805}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/jshttp/proxy-addr/security/advisories/GHSA-jqcg-44mw-7w3h"],"severity":"Critical","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-90711","description":"proxy-addr is a Node.js module that determines a request's client address behind trusted reverse proxies, and it backs Express req.ip and req.ips. In versions 1.1.0 through 2.0.7, a trust subnet written in IPv4-mapped IPv6 notation with an IPv4-sized prefix, such as ::ffff:10.0.0.0/8 instead of the correct ::ffff:10.0.0.0/104, is accepted without error but trusts every IPv4 address on the internet rather than the block it names. Because the socket peer then becomes trusted at hop 0, any unauthenticated client can supply an arbitrary X-Forwarded-For header and control the address the application reads, which defeats IP-based access control, rate limiting, geolocation, and audit logging. This is a fail-open regression introduced in version 1.1.0. The issue is fixed in proxy-addr 2.0.8, and users should upgrade to 2.0.8 or later. As a workaround, ensure any IPv4-mapped IPv6 trust subnet uses a prefix length of at least 97, or express the range in plain IPv4 notation."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"3e1a285d1ba4668a","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:david-heinemeier-hansson:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:david_heinemeier_hansson:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:activestorage:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:ruby-lang:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:ruby_lang:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:ruby:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"activestorage","purl":"pkg:gem/activestorage@8.1.3.1","type":"gem","version":"8.1.3.1","language":"ruby","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.4.0/specifications/activestorage-8.1.3.1.gemspec","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.4.0/specifications/activestorage-8.1.3.1.gemspec","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"8.1.4.1"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-p2pm-g2h6-7j5j","versionConstraint":">=8.1.0.beta1,<8.1.4.1 (gem)"},"matcher":"ruby-gem-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"activestorage","version":"8.1.3.1"},"language":"ruby","namespace":"github:language:ruby"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-p2pm-g2h6-7j5j","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["8.1.4.1"],"available":[{"date":"2026-11-11","kind":"first-observed","version":"8.1.4.1"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","metrics":{"baseScore":4.3,"impactScore":1.5,"exploitabilityScore":2.9},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126074","cwe":"CWE-248","type":"Primary","source":"security-advisories@github.com"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126074","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00499,"percentile":0.43245}],"risk":0.23203499999999996,"urls":["https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-p2pm-g2h6-7j5j","https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/60f22af88b71eae251f112d8c0237a08a8832692","https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/9b0d4bef2211a2c08cab2e0ea17fa1d0efd5d47a","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.5.2","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.4.1","https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/activestorage/GHSA-p2pm-g2h6-7j5j.yml"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"github:language:ruby","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-p2pm-g2h6-7j5j","description":"Active Storage: Possible DoS vulnerability in Active Storage filename handling"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-126074","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"security-advisories@github.com","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","metrics":{"baseScore":4.3,"impactScore":1.5,"exploitabilityScore":2.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126074","cwe":"CWE-248","type":"Primary","source":"security-advisories@github.com"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126074","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00499,"percentile":0.43245}],"urls":["https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/60f22af88b71eae251f112d8c0237a08a8832692","https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/9b0d4bef2211a2c08cab2e0ea17fa1d0efd5d47a","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.5.2","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.4.1","https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-p2pm-g2h6-7j5j"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-126074","description":"Active Storage makes it simple to upload and reference files in cloud services and attach those files to Active Record objects. 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This issue is fixed in versions 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"3e1a285d1ba4668a","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:david-heinemeier-hansson:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:david_heinemeier_hansson:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:activestorage:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:ruby-lang:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:ruby_lang:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:ruby:activestorage:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"activestorage","purl":"pkg:gem/activestorage@8.1.3.1","type":"gem","version":"8.1.3.1","language":"ruby","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.4.0/specifications/activestorage-8.1.3.1.gemspec","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.4.0/specifications/activestorage-8.1.3.1.gemspec","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"8.1.4.1"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-4v2w-w6g6-f8f8","versionConstraint":">=8.1.0.beta1,<8.1.4.1 (gem)"},"matcher":"ruby-gem-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"activestorage","version":"8.1.3.1"},"language":"ruby","namespace":"github:language:ruby"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-4v2w-w6g6-f8f8","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["8.1.4.1"],"available":[{"date":"2026-11-11","kind":"first-observed","version":"8.1.4.1"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":5.3,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":1.7},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126071","cwe":"CWE-772","type":"Primary","source":"security-advisories@github.com"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126071","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00444,"percentile":0.39081}],"risk":0.22866000000000003,"urls":["https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-4v2w-w6g6-f8f8","https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/3c67a693fb21870ecb1222e3da59d5c491a62009","https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/655b4442de136a3701334607f634d698bf9d5b82","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.5.2","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.4.1","https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/activestorage/GHSA-4v2w-w6g6-f8f8.yml"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"github:language:ruby","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-4v2w-w6g6-f8f8","description":"Active Storage: Possible DoS vulnerability in Active Storage proxy mode via storage errors during streaming"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-126071","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"security-advisories@github.com","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":5.3,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":1.7},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126071","cwe":"CWE-772","type":"Primary","source":"security-advisories@github.com"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126071","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00444,"percentile":0.39081}],"urls":["https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/3c67a693fb21870ecb1222e3da59d5c491a62009","https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/655b4442de136a3701334607f634d698bf9d5b82","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.5.2","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.4.1","https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-4v2w-w6g6-f8f8"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-126071","description":"Active Storage makes it simple to upload and reference files in cloud services and attach those files to Active Record objects. 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A file deleted while it is being served, or any other storage error partway through a download, triggers the condition. This issue is fixed in versions 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"e7441be1c44f5c7a","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:undici:8.10.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"],"name":"undici","purl":"pkg:npm/undici@8.10.0","type":"npm","version":"8.10.0","language":"javascript","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"8.10.2"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-3xpg-4rpp-hhhm","versionConstraint":">=8.0.0,<8.10.2 (semantic)"},"matcher":"javascript-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"undici","version":"8.10.0"},"language":"javascript","namespace":"github:language:javascript"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-3xpg-4rpp-hhhm","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["8.10.2"],"available":[{"date":"2026-09-30","kind":"first-observed","version":"8.10.2"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":5.9,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-84890","cwe":"CWE-770","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-84890","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00412,"percentile":0.3594}],"risk":0.22454000000000002,"urls":["https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-3xpg-4rpp-hhhm","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-84890","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/2c7d7e1227043c644c4c32cfd1e276f4fd4fcb11","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/7aac7f12f757844763c8b8f1ab6e305e80d55838","https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v7.29.1","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v8.10.2"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"github:language:javascript","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-3xpg-4rpp-hhhm","description":"undici vulnerable to Denial of Service via unbounded decompression of compressed responses"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-84890","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":5.9,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-84890","cwe":"CWE-770","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-84890","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00412,"percentile":0.3594}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-3xpg-4rpp-hhhm"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-84890","description":"undici's decompress interceptor decompresses response bodies according to the untrusted Content-Encoding header. While the number of content-encoding layers is capped, the total decompressed output size is unbounded and there is no configuration option to limit it. A malicious or faulty upstream can therefore return a small compressed payload, a compression bomb, that expands to hundreds of megabytes or more in client memory, an asymmetric resource consumption that can exhaust memory and crash the process. This affects undici versions from 7.15.0 up to 7.29.1 and from 8.0.0 up to 8.10.2. 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When a remote peer sends a compressed payload that crosses the built-in 128 MiB decompressed-payload limit and then contains a malformed DEFLATE byte, the inflate stream emits a data error with no listener attached, which Node.js treats as a fatal unhandled error and terminates the entire process. Exploitation is remote and unauthenticated, requires no application mistake, and is asymmetric, since roughly 130 KB on the wire expands past the limit and crashes the process, and reconnecting can repeat the crash. This affects undici versions from 6.25.0 up to 6.28.1, from 7.28.0 up to 7.29.1, and from 8.1.0 up to 8.10.2. 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Express 4 with its default `query parser` setting and body-parser with `extended: true` both call `qs.parse` with `allowPrototypes: true`, so on those stacks `req.query` and `req.body` can carry the shape directly.\n\n\n\n#### PoC\n\n\n\n```js\n\n\n\nvar qs = require(\"qs\");\n\n\n\nqs.stringify(qs.parse(\"x[constructor][isBuffer]=y\", { plainObjects: true }));\n\n\n\nqs.stringify(JSON.parse(\"{\\\"a\\\":{\\\"constructor\\\":{\\\"isBuffer\\\":\\\"x\\\"}}}\"));\n\n\n\n// TypeError: obj.constructor.isBuffer is not a function\n\n\n\n//     at Object.isBuffer (lib/utils.js:332:78)\n\n\n\n//     at stringify (lib/stringify.js:127:45)\n\n\n\n```\n\n\n\n#### Fix\n\n\n\n`lib/utils.js`, applied in e83d321 on `main` and released as v6.16.0:\n\n\n\n```diff\n\n\n\n- return !!(obj.constructor && obj.constructor.isBuffer && obj.constructor.isBuffer(obj));\n\n\n\n+ return !!(obj.constructor && typeof obj.constructor.isBuffer === \"function\" && obj.constructor.isBuffer(obj));\n\n\n\n```\n\n\n\nReal `Buffer`, `safer-buffer`, and browserify `buffer` polyfill instances serialize exactly as before; only the throw is removed.\n\n\n\n### Affected versions\n\n\n\n`>=2.2.5 <6.16.0`, fixed in v6.16.0.\n\n\n\nThe unguarded duck-type was introduced in 3768a75 and first shipped in v2.2.5 (September 2014). v2.2.4 and earlier used `Buffer.isBuffer` and are not affected. Every release from v2.2.5 through v6.15.3 contains the unguarded call.\n\n\n\n### Impact\n\n\n\nAn unauthenticated request can make any code path that re-serializes attacker-influenced data with `qs.stringify` (for example, rebuilding a query string from `req.query` for a redirect or an upstream request, or serializing a parsed JSON body) throw synchronously. In a typical Node.js HTTP framework the throw is caught by the framework error boundary and the affected request returns a 500; the process survives and other requests are unaffected. Where the call runs outside an error boundary, such as an `async` Express 4 handler (where the throw becomes an unhandled promise rejection) or a background job, the process exits, so the impact in that case depends on the application error handling rather than on qs."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"9a37a9654fbeeccb","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:actionpack_project:actionpack:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:ruby:*:*"],"name":"actionpack","purl":"pkg:gem/actionpack@8.1.3.1","type":"gem","version":"8.1.3.1","language":"ruby","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.4.0/specifications/actionpack-8.1.3.1.gemspec","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.4.0/specifications/actionpack-8.1.3.1.gemspec","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"8.1.4.1"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-r9jg-fmfx-2gv6","versionConstraint":">=8.1,<8.1.4.1 (gem)"},"matcher":"ruby-gem-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"actionpack","version":"8.1.3.1"},"language":"ruby","namespace":"github:language:ruby"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-r9jg-fmfx-2gv6","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["8.1.4.1"],"available":[{"date":"2026-11-11","kind":"first-observed","version":"8.1.4.1"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L","metrics":{"baseScore":4.8,"impactScore":2.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126073","cwe":"CWE-436","type":"Primary","source":"security-advisories@github.com"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126073","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00422,"percentile":0.36934}],"risk":0.20678,"urls":["https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-r9jg-fmfx-2gv6","https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/7a955ca36779938267c93902c47d1f55bab99b4b","https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/b58c107abe9c1f10c1d6a4941402c60e4dc4742c","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.5.2","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.4.1","https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionpack/GHSA-r9jg-fmfx-2gv6.yml"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"github:language:ruby","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-r9jg-fmfx-2gv6","description":"Action Pack: Possible cache poisoning in Action Pack content negotiation"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-126073","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"security-advisories@github.com","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L","metrics":{"baseScore":4.8,"impactScore":2.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126073","cwe":"CWE-436","type":"Primary","source":"security-advisories@github.com"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126073","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00422,"percentile":0.36934}],"urls":["https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/7a955ca36779938267c93902c47d1f55bab99b4b","https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/b58c107abe9c1f10c1d6a4941402c60e4dc4742c","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.5.2","https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.4.1","https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-r9jg-fmfx-2gv6"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-126073","description":"Action Pack is a framework for handling and responding to web requests. Prior to 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2, Action Pack negotiates the format of a rendered response from the Accept, X-Requested-With and, for XHR requests without Accept, Content-Type request headers, but ActionController::Rendering#_set_vary_header adds Vary: Accept only when the request carries a usable Accept header and the response has no Vary header yet. A response to a request without Accept, or to an XHR request, therefore omits the headers that selected its representation, and a response whose Vary the application set before rendering (for example Vary: Accept-Language) never gains Accept. A shared cache that honours Vary could store such a response and serve it to later clients that request a different representation, possibly leading to cache poisoning in which visitors receive, until the entry expires, a page without its layout or HTML in place of JSON. The attacker cannot choose the content of the response. Applications that render negotiated responses from actions marked public (for example with expires_in ..., public: true) behind a shared cache that honours Vary, such as Thruster or Rack::Cache, are affected. This issue is fixed in versions 8.1.4.1 and 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The comma format joins array elements with `Array.prototype.join` and, under `encodeValuesOnly`, first passes each element through `String()` in `utils.encode`; neither guards against an element whose string coercion fails.\n\n\n\n### Details\n\n\n\nIn `lib/stringify.js`, the comma branch collapses the array with `obj.join(',')`. For an element whose own `toString` is not callable, `ToPrimitive` skips it, falls through to `Object.prototype.valueOf` (which returns the object itself), and throws. Under `encodeValuesOnly: true`, the same element first reaches `String(str)` in `utils.encode` (`lib/utils.js`) and throws there. Nested arrays (`{ \"a\": [[{ \"toString\": \"x\" }]] }`) throw the same way, through `Array.prototype.toString`. The `indices`, `brackets`, and `repeat` formats walk into object elements instead of coercing them, and are not affected.\n\n\n\nSuch elements can come from untrusted input. `JSON.parse` produces `{ \"a\": [{ \"toString\": \"x\" }] }` with no qs option involved. `qs.parse(\"a[0][toString]=x\", { allowPrototypes: true })` keeps the `toString` key, and `qs.parse(\"a[][b]=c\", { plainObjects: true })` produces a null-prototype element; the default parse options drop `toString` and produce ordinary objects, which do not throw. Express 4's default `query parser`, Express 5's `extended` query parser, and body-parser's `urlencoded({ extended: true })` all call `qs.parse` with `allowPrototypes: true`.\n\n\n\n#### PoC\n\n\n\n```js\n\n\n\nvar qs = require(\"qs\");\n\n\n\nqs.stringify(JSON.parse(\"{\\\"a\\\":[{\\\"toString\\\":\\\"x\\\"}]}\"), { arrayFormat: \"comma\" });\n\n\n\nqs.stringify(qs.parse(\"a[0][toString]=x\", { allowPrototypes: true }), { arrayFormat: \"comma\" });\n\n\n\nqs.stringify(qs.parse(\"a[][b]=c\", { plainObjects: true }), { arrayFormat: \"comma\", encodeValuesOnly: true });\n\n\n\n// TypeError: Cannot convert object to primitive value\n\n\n\n```\n\n\n\n#### Fix\n\n\n\nApplied in a952e75 on `main` and released as v6.16.1: an element whose string coercion would fail is coerced to its primitive `valueOf`, if any, or else to `Object.prototype.toString`, so it renders as `[object Object]`, the same as any other object element already does under the comma format. Nested arrays are walked the way `join` walks them. Every input that did not previously throw serializes exactly as before, and a `toString` or `valueOf` that itself throws still propagates.\n\n\n\n### Affected versions\n\n\n\n`>=6.7.0 <6.16.1`, fixed in v6.16.1.\n\n\n\nThe `join` path was introduced with the comma format in b84acba and first shipped in v6.7.0; v6.6.x and earlier ignore `arrayFormat: 'comma'` and are not affected. The `encodeValuesOnly` `String()` site was introduced in 4c4b23d (v6.11.1); before that, the same input throws at `join`. Every release from v6.7.0 through v6.16.0 is affected.\n\n\n\n### Impact\n\n\n\nAn unauthenticated request can make any code path that re-serializes attacker-influenced data with `qs.stringify` and `arrayFormat: 'comma'` (for example, rebuilding a query string from `req.query` for a redirect or an upstream request, or serializing a parsed JSON body) throw synchronously. In a typical Node.js HTTP framework the throw is caught by the framework error boundary and the affected request returns a 500; the process survives and other requests are unaffected. Where the call runs outside an error boundary, such as an `async` Express 4 handler (where the throw becomes an unhandled promise rejection) or a bare `http` request handler, the process exits, so the impact in that case depends on the application error handling rather than on qs. The default `arrayFormat` (`indices`) is not affected."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"1a67e55521b4ee38","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:sqlite-libs:sqlite-libs:3.53.4-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:sqlite-libs:sqlite_libs:3.53.4-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:sqlite_libs:sqlite-libs:3.53.4-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:sqlite_libs:sqlite_libs:3.53.4-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:sqlite:sqlite-libs:3.53.4-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:sqlite:sqlite_libs:3.53.4-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"sqlite-libs","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/sqlite-libs@3.53.4-r0?arch=x86_64&distro=alpine-3.24.3&upstream=sqlite","type":"apk","version":"3.53.4-r0","language":"","licenses":["blessing"],"metadata":{"Arch":"x86_64","files":[{"path":"/usr"},{"path":"/usr/lib"},{"path":"/usr/lib/libsqlite3.so.0"},{"path":"/usr/lib/libsqlite3.so.3.53.4"}]},"locations":[{"path":"/lib/apk/db/installed","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/lib/apk/db/installed","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[{"name":"sqlite"}],"metadataType":"ApkMetadata"},"matchDetails":[{"type":"cpe-match","found":{"cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:sqlite:sqlite:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-119374","versionConstraint":"< 3.54.0 (unknown)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:sqlite:sqlite:3.53.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"package":{"name":"sqlite","version":"3.53.4-r0"},"namespace":"nvd:cpe"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"CVE-2026-119374","fix":{"state":"unknown","versions":[]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"disclosure@vulncheck.com","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","metrics":{"baseScore":8.5},"version":"4.0","vendorMetadata":{}},{"type":"Secondary","source":"disclosure@vulncheck.com","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":7.8,"impactScore":5.9,"exploitabilityScore":1.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-119374","cwe":"CWE-787","type":"Secondary","source":"disclosure@vulncheck.com"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-119374","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.0023,"percentile":0.1398}],"risk":0.179975,"urls":["https://abraxaslabs.tech/research/sqlite-fts5-securedel","https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite","https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/version-3.53.4/ext/fts5/fts5_index.c#L5525","https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/commit/d9de6eedbe918c074c7556400fa21df5960704d9","https://sqlite.org/releaselog/3_54_0.html","https://sqlite.org/src/info/9cd4f9e920","https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/sqlite-before-3.54.0-heap-buffer-overflow-via-fts5-fts5dosecuredelete"],"severity":"High","namespace":"nvd:cpe","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-119374","description":"SQLite before 3.54.0 built with FTS5 contains a heap buffer overflow in fts5DoSecureDelete() that allows attackers to write past the leaf page buffer via crafted footer key offsets. 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There is no workaround."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"e7441be1c44f5c7a","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:undici:8.10.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"],"name":"undici","purl":"pkg:npm/undici@8.10.0","type":"npm","version":"8.10.0","language":"javascript","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"8.12.2"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-9fm3-97px-rjf6","versionConstraint":">=8.0.0,<8.12.2 (semantic)"},"matcher":"javascript-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"undici","version":"8.10.0"},"language":"javascript","namespace":"github:language:javascript"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-9fm3-97px-rjf6","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["8.12.2"],"available":[{"date":"2026-10-28","kind":"first-observed","version":"8.12.2"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":5.9,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109932","cwe":"CWE-400","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"},{"cve":"CVE-2026-109932","cwe":"CWE-405","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"},{"cve":"CVE-2026-109932","cwe":"CWE-770","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109932","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00321,"percentile":0.25408}],"risk":0.17494500000000002,"urls":["https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-9fm3-97px-rjf6","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-109932","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/39f93e142df03e559fe7c3d1fc7fba9beee2c185","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/53944624462b6797560288c55dbd8c66857bb495","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/b217373bb024cd93f85eb5b3ffd25684855f60f8","https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v6.29.1","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v7.30.1","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v8.12.2"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"github:language:javascript","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9fm3-97px-rjf6","description":"undici WebSocket client vulnerable to Denial of Service via unbounded automatic PONG buffering"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-109932","cvss":[{"type":"Primary","source":"nvd@nist.gov","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":7.5,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}},{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":5.9,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109932","cwe":"CWE-400","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"},{"cve":"CVE-2026-109932","cwe":"CWE-405","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"},{"cve":"CVE-2026-109932","cwe":"CWE-770","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109932","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00321,"percentile":0.25408}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-9fm3-97px-rjf6"],"severity":"High","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-109932","description":"undici is an HTTP client library for Node.js. In versions 5.15.0 through 6.29.0, 7.0.0 through 7.30.0, and 8.0.0 through 8.12.1, its WebSocket client, including the bundled WebSocket exposed by Node.js, can be driven to exhaust process memory by a malicious or compromised WebSocket server. For every PING frame received, the client automatically writes a PONG response and ignores the backpressure signal from the socket write, so a server that streams small PING frames while never reading the client's PONGs makes the outbound write queue and heap grow without bound until the Node.js process runs out of memory and terminates. The attack is remote and unauthenticated, needs only a normal WebSocket connection, and is asymmetric, since small inbound PINGs produce a much larger retained outbound queue, with availability the only impact. The issue is fixed in undici 6.29.1, 7.30.1, and 8.12.2, which pause WebSocket frame parsing when the automatic PONG response hits socket backpressure and resume on drain, bounding the outbound queue, and users should upgrade to one of those versions or later. There is no workaround."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"e7441be1c44f5c7a","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:undici:8.10.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"],"name":"undici","purl":"pkg:npm/undici@8.10.0","type":"npm","version":"8.10.0","language":"javascript","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"8.10.2"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-2jfj-6hjv-fm6j","versionConstraint":">=8.0.0,<8.10.2 (semantic)"},"matcher":"javascript-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"undici","version":"8.10.0"},"language":"javascript","namespace":"github:language:javascript"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-2jfj-6hjv-fm6j","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["8.10.2"],"available":[{"date":"2026-09-30","kind":"first-observed","version":"8.10.2"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":6.5,"impactScore":4.3,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-84933","cwe":"CWE-200","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"},{"cve":"CVE-2026-84933","cwe":"CWE-524","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-84933","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00303,"percentile":0.23312}],"risk":0.174225,"urls":["https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-2jfj-6hjv-fm6j","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-84933","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/b6c5a00252c37da9dd2db9bead053bb843e1f988","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/cb75bbb34224a968b4ad80cab8b7aba5e0b3b28a","https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v7.29.1","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v8.10.2"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"github:language:javascript","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2jfj-6hjv-fm6j","description":"undici vulnerable to cross-user cookie disclosure via Set-Cookie caching in shared caches"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-84933","cvss":[{"type":"Primary","source":"nvd@nist.gov","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":8.2,"impactScore":4.3,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}},{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":6.5,"impactScore":4.3,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-84933","cwe":"CWE-200","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"},{"cve":"CVE-2026-84933","cwe":"CWE-524","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-84933","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00303,"percentile":0.23312}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-2jfj-6hjv-fm6j"],"severity":"High","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-84933","description":"undici's cache interceptor does not handle the Set-Cookie response header anywhere in its cache path, so it neither refuses to store nor strips that header. In shared cache mode, which is the default, an otherwise cacheable response that carries a Set-Cookie header, for example one marked with a public and max-age directive, is stored and then re-served to a later caller that matches the same cache key. As a result one caller's cookie is disclosed to a different caller, and an untrusted server can inject cookies into cached responses served to all subsequent callers. This violates the requirement that a shared cache must not store cookies. This affects undici versions from 7.0.0 up to 7.29.1 and from 8.0.0 up to 8.10.2. Users should upgrade to undici 7.29.1 or 8.10.2."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"40d21a75d89c98ae","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:ada-libs:ada-libs:4.0.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:ada-libs:ada_libs:4.0.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:ada_libs:ada-libs:4.0.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:ada_libs:ada_libs:4.0.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:ada:ada-libs:4.0.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:ada:ada_libs:4.0.0-r0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"ada-libs","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/ada-libs@4.0.0-r0?arch=x86_64&distro=alpine-3.24.3&upstream=ada","type":"apk","version":"4.0.0-r0","language":"","licenses":["( Apache-2.0 OR MIT ) AND 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Sentry configuration allowed for blind server-side request forgeries (SSRF) through the use of a data scraping endpoint."},"relatedVulnerabilities":[]},{"artifact":{"id":"2380314d01284278","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:activesupport_project:activesupport:8.1.3.1:*:*:*:*:ruby:*:*"],"name":"activesupport","purl":"pkg:gem/activesupport@8.1.3.1","type":"gem","version":"8.1.3.1","language":"ruby","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.4.0/specifications/activesupport-8.1.3.1.gemspec","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.4.0/specifications/activesupport-8.1.3.1.gemspec","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"8.1.4.1"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-2w9f-fxwj-w2qf","versionConstraint":">=8.1.0.beta1,<8.1.4.1 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From 8.1 until 8.1.4.1, ActiveSupport::MessagePack serializes an ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer as its bytes alone and deserializes it as a new SafeBuffer, so a buffer that is no longer html_safe? (for example, one mutated in place with gsub!) is restored as html_safe. If such a buffer holds untrusted input and is stored through a MessagePack serializer, rendering it after it is loaded bypasses ERB auto-escaping, possibly leading to XSS. Applications on Rails 8.1 are affected if they use a MessagePack serializer, such as config.action_dispatch.cookies_serializer = :message_pack or :message_pack_allow_marshal, or serializer: :message_pack for Rails.cache, ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier or ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor, and store a SafeBuffer that was mutated in place with untrusted input. Rails 8.0 and earlier do not serialize SafeBuffer with MessagePack and are not affected. 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This issue has been fixed in version 2.19.9."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"e7441be1c44f5c7a","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:undici:8.10.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"],"name":"undici","purl":"pkg:npm/undici@8.10.0","type":"npm","version":"8.10.0","language":"javascript","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"8.12.2"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-f72v-6w45-q472","versionConstraint":">=8.0.0,<8.12.2 (semantic)"},"matcher":"javascript-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"undici","version":"8.10.0"},"language":"javascript","namespace":"github:language:javascript"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-f72v-6w45-q472","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["8.12.2"],"available":[{"date":"2026-10-24","kind":"first-observed","version":"8.12.2"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":5.9,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109841","cwe":"CWE-178","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109841","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00252,"percentile":0.1678}],"risk":0.13734000000000002,"urls":["https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-f72v-6w45-q472","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-109841","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/18bc8a1e09d15bc45815154a289dcf6fd5254d00","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/4f7ef6806e532ab9e29ccd6229b1b9d241e1b1f0","https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v7.30.1","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v8.12.2"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"github:language:javascript","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-f72v-6w45-q472","description":"undici vulnerable to Subresource Integrity bypass via non-lowercase algorithm tokens"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-109841","cvss":[{"type":"Primary","source":"nvd@nist.gov","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":7.5,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}},{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":5.9,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109841","cwe":"CWE-178","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109841","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00252,"percentile":0.1678}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-f72v-6w45-q472"],"severity":"High","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-109841","description":"undici is an HTTP client library for Node.js. In versions 7.15.0 through 7.30.0 and 8.0.0 through 8.12.1, its fetch() implementation verifies Subresource Integrity metadata by matching the algorithm token against a lowercase-only set, even though the SRI specification defines the token by its ASCII-lowercase form, so a valid but non-lowercase token such as an uppercase or mixed-case SHA256 is treated as unknown and skipped. When no recognized algorithm remains, undici treats the integrity list as empty and accepts the response, so a server returning a body that does not match the pinned digest passes the check. An attacker who controls only the response body can therefore deliver attacker-controlled bytes to an application that pinned a valid uppercase or mixed-case SRI token, with no integrity error, affecting response integrity only. The issue is fixed in undici 7.30.1 and 8.12.2, which normalize the algorithm token to ASCII lowercase before validation, and users should upgrade to one of those versions or later. As a workaround, use lowercase algorithm tokens such as sha256, sha384, or sha512 in integrity metadata."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"e7441be1c44f5c7a","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:undici:8.10.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*"],"name":"undici","purl":"pkg:npm/undici@8.10.0","type":"npm","version":"8.10.0","language":"javascript","licenses":["MIT"],"locations":[{"path":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/app/www/node_modules/undici/package.json","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[]},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"8.12.2"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"GHSA-2m5v-pch6-74hx","versionConstraint":">=8.0.0,<8.12.2 (semantic)"},"matcher":"javascript-matcher","searchedBy":{"package":{"name":"undici","version":"8.10.0"},"language":"javascript","namespace":"github:language:javascript"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"GHSA-2m5v-pch6-74hx","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["8.12.2"],"available":[{"date":"2026-10-28","kind":"first-observed","version":"8.12.2"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":7.4,"impactScore":5.2,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109383","cwe":"CWE-295","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109383","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00184,"percentile":0.08102}],"risk":0.13707999999999998,"urls":["https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-2m5v-pch6-74hx","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-109383","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/04cb74b1db131ff8f5b4557dce811cbf5f4664b4","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/8c59f6b302898cb2e9b0f7962cd7212b6e597c9f","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/commit/f75eac00ac177f7b2e6c8bfbd52d4113164286e6","https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v6.29.1","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v7.30.1","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/releases/tag/v8.12.2"],"severity":"High","namespace":"github:language:javascript","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2m5v-pch6-74hx","description":"undici vulnerable to TLS certificate validation bypass via dropped tls options in Agent"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-109383","cvss":[{"type":"Primary","source":"nvd@nist.gov","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":9.1,"impactScore":5.2,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}},{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":7.4,"impactScore":5.2,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.1","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109383","cwe":"CWE-295","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"epss":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-109383","date":"2026-11-11","epss":0.00184,"percentile":0.08102}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-2m5v-pch6-74hx"],"severity":"Critical","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-109383","description":"undici is an HTTP client library for Node.js. In versions 4.0.0 through 6.29.0, 7.0.0 through 7.30.0, and 8.0.0 through 8.12.1, its Agent dispatcher passes its constructor options through a JSON-based deep clone before forwarding them to each per-origin pool, and because JSON cannot represent functions, a caller-supplied tls option containing a checkServerIdentity callback is silently dropped before it reaches the TLS layer. As a result, a TLS peer whose certificate a custom checkServerIdentity was written to reject, but which passes Node's default hostname and chain checks, is silently accepted. Because Agent is the default dispatcher behind request, fetch, and setGlobalDispatcher, this affects the path most applications use, and EnvHttpProxyAgent is affected on its direct and no-proxy routes as well, while only applications that pass a function-valued tls option such as a custom checkServerIdentity for certificate or public-key pinning are at risk. The issue is fixed in undici 6.29.1, 7.30.1, and 8.12.2, which preserve the tls option outside the JSON clone so custom verification callbacks are forwarded unchanged, and users should upgrade to one of those versions or later. 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Because the internal cache key falls back to an empty origin string, a cacheable or in-flight response from one upstream origin is returned for a request to a different, trusted origin whenever the method, path, and relevant headers match, which permits cross-origin information disclosure and persistent cache poisoning. The reporter demonstrated a full authentication bypass in which a JWT signed with an attacker-controlled key was accepted as belonging to a trusted issuer, and the trusted origin was never contacted. This is a regression introduced in 8.10.0 and affects undici versions from 8.10.0 up to 8.10.2. Applications using an Agent, which carries the origin in its dispatch options, are not affected. 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2.44.0.windows.1, < 2.55.0.windows.3 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for Windows is the Windows port of Git. From 2.44.0.windows.1 until 2.55.0.windows.3, the git-credential-wincred store operation in contrib/credential/wincred/git-credential-wincred.c uses _scwprintf() to size a formatted wide-character credential buffer without space for the terminating NUL when both password and oauth_refresh_token are present. The operation also passes a byte count to _snwprintf_s() where a wide-character count is required, allowing the terminator to be written one WCHAR past the heap allocation before CredWriteW() persists the credential. The resulting fixed two-byte NUL overwrite can terminate the helper with Windows heap-corruption status and can cause git credential approve to report success even though the OAuth credential was not stored. 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A client can arrange for an Http2Stream that still holds nghttp2-allocated header buffers to outlive its session: the stream is removed from the session's stream set but never detached, so when ~Http2Session() runs the memory accounting is nonzero and the CHECK_EQ(current_nghttp2_memory_, 0) assertion fails, terminating the process. The trigger needs only a default http2 server whose handler responds before the request body has ended, which is typical. It is a variant of CVE-2024-27983 that the earlier fix did not cover, because that fix only detached streams still tracked in the session. 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TLSWrap::DoWrite() calls ClearOut() directly when asked to write zero bytes; if that write is issued from JavaScript running inside the HTTP parser's on_body callback, ClearOut() decrypts the next TLS record while the parser is still mid-body, re-entering llhttp_execute() and causing a use-after-free and an out-of-bounds heap read. The server then copies that freed or unrelated heap memory into the response for the request body. Triggering it requires a handler that calls res.flushHeaders() before the request body ends and later calls res.end() with a non-empty chunk, and reading the leaked memory requires any ordinary route that echoes or stores a request body. Cleartext node:http is not affected. 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This vulnerability affects Node.js 26.x, 24.x, and 22.x."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"43bfdd79f28acd39","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:node.js:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:node.js:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"nodejs","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/nodejs@24.22.1-r1?arch=x86_64&distro=alpine-3.24.3","type":"apk","version":"24.22.1-r1","language":"","licenses":["MIT"],"metadata":{"Arch":"x86_64","files":[{"path":"/usr"},{"path":"/usr/bin"},{"path":"/usr/bin/node"}]},"locations":[{"path":"/lib/apk/db/installed","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/lib/apk/db/installed","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[{"name":"nodejs"}],"metadataType":"ApkMetadata"},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123866","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}},{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-indirect-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123866","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"CVE-2026-123866","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["24.22.3-r0"],"available":[{"date":"2026-11-12","kind":"first-observed","version":"24.22.3-r0"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":7.5,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123866","cwe":"CWE-416","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"risk":0,"urls":[],"severity":"High","namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2026-123866"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-123866","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":7.5,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123866","cwe":"CWE-416","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/november-2026-security-releases"],"severity":"High","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-123866","description":"A use-after-free in Node.js HTTP/2 stream teardown can leak response memory, including the contents of other connections' response buffers, to a peer. When a stream is torn down while a write is still backpressured, for example by a peer RST_STREAM or by the server's own per-stream timeout destroying the stream, the stream's response buffer is freed but a reference to it is still used, so freed or unrelated heap memory is written to the socket instead of the intended response. On Node.js 26.x and 24.x the teardown can be driven purely by a remote peer once the window-size change from 26.9.0 and 24.22.0 is present, and on all supported lines the same defect is reachable through an application-initiated teardown such as a per-stream idle timeout. This vulnerability affects Node.js 26.x, 24.x, and 22.x."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"43bfdd79f28acd39","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:node.js:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:node.js:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"nodejs","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/nodejs@24.22.1-r1?arch=x86_64&distro=alpine-3.24.3","type":"apk","version":"24.22.1-r1","language":"","licenses":["MIT"],"metadata":{"Arch":"x86_64","files":[{"path":"/usr"},{"path":"/usr/bin"},{"path":"/usr/bin/node"}]},"locations":[{"path":"/lib/apk/db/installed","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/lib/apk/db/installed","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[{"name":"nodejs"}],"metadataType":"ApkMetadata"},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123872","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}},{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-indirect-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123872","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"CVE-2026-123872","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["24.22.3-r0"],"available":[{"date":"2026-11-12","kind":"first-observed","version":"24.22.3-r0"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":8.1,"impactScore":5.2,"exploitabilityScore":2.9},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123872","cwe":"CWE-287","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"risk":0,"urls":[],"severity":"High","namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2026-123872"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-123872","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":8.1,"impactScore":5.2,"exploitabilityScore":2.9},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123872","cwe":"CWE-287","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/november-2026-security-releases"],"severity":"High","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-123872","description":"A client certificate authentication bypass in Node.js TLS lets a client change the servername during TLS 1.2 renegotiation to reach endpoints it was not authorized for. On a server that applies different client-certificate policies per hostname, for example stricter admin-only client-cert auth on one host and ordinary client-cert auth on another, a client that authenticates for a permitted host can renegotiate the TLS 1.2 connection under a different servername and carry its existing authentication to the protected host, bypassing the stricter policy. This vulnerability affects Node.js 26.x, 24.x, and 22.x."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"43bfdd79f28acd39","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:node.js:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:node.js:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"nodejs","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/nodejs@24.22.1-r1?arch=x86_64&distro=alpine-3.24.3","type":"apk","version":"24.22.1-r1","language":"","licenses":["MIT"],"metadata":{"Arch":"x86_64","files":[{"path":"/usr"},{"path":"/usr/bin"},{"path":"/usr/bin/node"}]},"locations":[{"path":"/lib/apk/db/installed","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/lib/apk/db/installed","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[{"name":"nodejs"}],"metadataType":"ApkMetadata"},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123874","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}},{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-indirect-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123874","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"CVE-2026-123874","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["24.22.3-r0"],"available":[{"date":"2026-11-12","kind":"first-observed","version":"24.22.3-r0"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":7.5,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123874","cwe":"CWE-416","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"risk":0,"urls":[],"severity":"High","namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2026-123874"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-123874","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":7.5,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123874","cwe":"CWE-416","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/november-2026-security-releases"],"severity":"High","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-123874","description":"A use-after-free in Node.js HTTP/2 lets an unauthenticated client corrupt server memory, over both TLS and cleartext, when the server serves files with respondWithFile() or respondWithFD(). A client can make the server free an Http2Stream while a write request that points to it is still queued on the socket; when that write completes, the code dereferences and makes a virtual call through the freed object. The only precondition is that the application serves a file with stream.respondWithFile() or stream.respondWithFD(), with default settings otherwise. This vulnerability affects Node.js 26.x (since 26.9.0) and 24.x (since 24.22.0)."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"43bfdd79f28acd39","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:node.js:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:node.js:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"nodejs","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/nodejs@24.22.1-r1?arch=x86_64&distro=alpine-3.24.3","type":"apk","version":"24.22.1-r1","language":"","licenses":["MIT"],"metadata":{"Arch":"x86_64","files":[{"path":"/usr"},{"path":"/usr/bin"},{"path":"/usr/bin/node"}]},"locations":[{"path":"/lib/apk/db/installed","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/lib/apk/db/installed","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[{"name":"nodejs"}],"metadataType":"ApkMetadata"},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-126051","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}},{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-indirect-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-126051","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"CVE-2026-126051","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["24.22.3-r0"],"available":[{"date":"2026-11-12","kind":"first-observed","version":"24.22.3-r0"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":7.5,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126051","cwe":"CWE-476","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"risk":0,"urls":[],"severity":"High","namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2026-126051"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-126051","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":7.5,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":3.9},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-126051","cwe":"CWE-476","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/november-2026-security-releases"],"severity":"High","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-126051","description":"A deferred-callback use-after-destroy in Node.js TLS server handshake handling allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to terminate the server process. When a TLS server uses any of the SNICallback, OCSPRequest, newSession, or resumeSession hooks, or server.addContext(), the corresponding OpenSSL callbacks are deferred, and the deferred code does not handle the underlying socket being destroyed between scheduling and execution. By sending a client hello that reaches the vulnerable path (for example, no SNI together with an OCSP request) followed by padding and a socket FIN, an attacker makes OpenSSL deliver the client hello and the end-of-file in the same tick, so the socket is destroyed before the deferred callback runs and the process raises an uncaught exception instead of emitting an 'error' event. This vulnerability affects Node.js 26.x and 24.x."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"43bfdd79f28acd39","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:node.js:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:node.js:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"nodejs","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/nodejs@24.22.1-r1?arch=x86_64&distro=alpine-3.24.3","type":"apk","version":"24.22.1-r1","language":"","licenses":["MIT"],"metadata":{"Arch":"x86_64","files":[{"path":"/usr"},{"path":"/usr/bin"},{"path":"/usr/bin/node"}]},"locations":[{"path":"/lib/apk/db/installed","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/lib/apk/db/installed","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[{"name":"nodejs"}],"metadataType":"ApkMetadata"},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123828","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}},{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-indirect-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123828","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"CVE-2026-123828","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["24.22.3-r0"],"available":[{"date":"2026-11-12","kind":"first-observed","version":"24.22.3-r0"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":5.9,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123828","cwe":"CWE-122","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"risk":0,"urls":[],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2026-123828"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-123828","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":5.9,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123828","cwe":"CWE-122","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/november-2026-security-releases"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-123828","description":"A one-byte heap buffer overflow in Node.js HTTP/2 Alt-Svc handling lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker corrupt process memory. When an application passes an attacker-controlled value such as a request's :authority header to Http2Session.altsvc(), the AltSvc implementation in src/node_http2.cc allocates a buffer sized to the origin length and then writes it with a null terminator, placing one byte past the end of the allocation. A single request carrying a long but syntactically valid :authority triggers the out-of-bounds write, which aborts the process and serves as a remote heap-corruption primitive. This vulnerability affects Node.js 26.x and 24.x."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"43bfdd79f28acd39","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:node.js:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:node.js:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"nodejs","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/nodejs@24.22.1-r1?arch=x86_64&distro=alpine-3.24.3","type":"apk","version":"24.22.1-r1","language":"","licenses":["MIT"],"metadata":{"Arch":"x86_64","files":[{"path":"/usr"},{"path":"/usr/bin"},{"path":"/usr/bin/node"}]},"locations":[{"path":"/lib/apk/db/installed","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/lib/apk/db/installed","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[{"name":"nodejs"}],"metadataType":"ApkMetadata"},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123867","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}},{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-indirect-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123867","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"CVE-2026-123867","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["24.22.3-r0"],"available":[{"date":"2026-11-12","kind":"first-observed","version":"24.22.3-r0"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":4.2,"impactScore":2.6,"exploitabilityScore":1.7},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123867","cwe":"CWE-295","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"risk":0,"urls":[],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2026-123867"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-123867","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":4.2,"impactScore":2.6,"exploitabilityScore":1.7},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123867","cwe":"CWE-295","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/november-2026-security-releases"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-123867","description":"A per-host mutual-TLS authorization bypass in Node.js lets a client authorized for the default hostname reach a protected hostname it is not authorized for. When a TLS server assigns a hostname a different client-certificate CA with server.addContext(host, { ca: protectedCA }) but no server certificate in that SNI context, the per-host client CA is never installed and the handshake falls back to the default client CA. In src/crypto/crypto_tls.cc, CertCbDone installs the SNI context's CA only when setSniContext succeeds, but setSniContext returns false for a context with no server certificate, so a CA-only SNI context silently keeps the default CA. A client holding a certificate trusted by the default CA, but not the protected CA, can therefore complete mTLS to the protected hostname and read its response even with requestCert and rejectUnauthorized enabled, while a client certified by the protected CA is rejected. This vulnerability affects Node.js 26.x, 24.x, and 22.x."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"43bfdd79f28acd39","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:node.js:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:node.js:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"nodejs","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/nodejs@24.22.1-r1?arch=x86_64&distro=alpine-3.24.3","type":"apk","version":"24.22.1-r1","language":"","licenses":["MIT"],"metadata":{"Arch":"x86_64","files":[{"path":"/usr"},{"path":"/usr/bin"},{"path":"/usr/bin/node"}]},"locations":[{"path":"/lib/apk/db/installed","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/lib/apk/db/installed","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[{"name":"nodejs"}],"metadataType":"ApkMetadata"},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123868","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}},{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-indirect-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123868","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"CVE-2026-123868","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["24.22.3-r0"],"available":[{"date":"2026-11-12","kind":"first-observed","version":"24.22.3-r0"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":5.9,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123868","cwe":"CWE-400","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"risk":0,"urls":[],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2026-123868"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-123868","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","metrics":{"baseScore":5.9,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.3},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123868","cwe":"CWE-400","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/november-2026-security-releases"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-123868","description":"An unauthenticated HTTP/2 client can exhaust Node.js server memory because inbound DATA queued on an undrained stream is charged to no session budget. Each inbound DATA frame creates one JavaScript Buffer view in the receiving stream's readable queue, but nothing charges that queue to current_session_memory_: the socket read buffer is accounted only during parsing and released immediately, so whatever stays queued is accounted to nothing. A peer that fills a stream's receive window with one-byte DATA frames pays about 10 wire bytes per frame while the server retains about 114 bytes per frame, so a single stream on one connection can retain hundreds of megabytes from tens of megabytes sent. maxSessionMemory neither bounds the growth nor refuses new streams, because Http2Session::CanAddStream gates admission on the same counter that never sees the queue. This vulnerability affects Node.js 26.x and 24.x."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"43bfdd79f28acd39","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:node.js:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:node.js:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"nodejs","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/nodejs@24.22.1-r1?arch=x86_64&distro=alpine-3.24.3","type":"apk","version":"24.22.1-r1","language":"","licenses":["MIT"],"metadata":{"Arch":"x86_64","files":[{"path":"/usr"},{"path":"/usr/bin"},{"path":"/usr/bin/node"}]},"locations":[{"path":"/lib/apk/db/installed","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/lib/apk/db/installed","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[{"name":"nodejs"}],"metadataType":"ApkMetadata"},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123871","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}},{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-indirect-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123871","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"CVE-2026-123871","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["24.22.3-r0"],"available":[{"date":"2026-11-12","kind":"first-observed","version":"24.22.3-r0"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":6.2,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.6},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123871","cwe":"CWE-209","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"risk":0,"urls":[],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2026-123871"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-123871","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","metrics":{"baseScore":6.2,"impactScore":3.6,"exploitabilityScore":2.6},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123871","cwe":"CWE-209","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/november-2026-security-releases"],"severity":"Medium","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-123871","description":"Node.js discloses proxy credentials in ERR_PROXY_INVALID_CONFIG error messages. CVE-2026-48615 established that a proxy credential must not appear in a Node.js error message and redacted the username and password from ProxyConfig.href, but that fix missed four error paths in the same subsystem, one of them inside the same constructor, which interpolate the raw proxy URL, credentials included, into an ERR_PROXY_INVALID_CONFIG message. The proxy URL comes from the environment, but the defect is the sink: a secret that Node.js redacts everywhere else is emitted verbatim into a much wider audience than the process environment, such as stderr, container logs, log aggregation, and crash reporting services. 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When the server serves a file with stream.respondWithFile() or stream.respondWithFD() and the client cancels the request, a StreamPipe used for the transfer is torn down in an order that leaves a NULL pointer which is then dereferenced, aborting the process. No crafted frames are needed, and a handful of cancelled requests against a default file-serving handler is enough. 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The two policies differ: omitting ca uses the default trust store, while supplying ca replaces it. Since they share a key, a TLS session authenticated under the broader default policy is handed to a new connection made under the later ca: [] policy, and TLS 1.3 session resumption carries the earlier authentication forward, so the second request reports authorized === true and transmits confidential data to a server its own CA policy would reject on a fresh connection. 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On macOS and Windows, fs.watch() and fs.promises.watch() in recursive mode are backed by the native libuv watcher: FSEventWrap::Start checks kFileSystemRead only once, on the watched root, and FSEventWrap::OnEvent then forwards every filename libuv reports (relative paths at any depth) to the JavaScript callback without checking that each path is covered by the read grant. Code running under --permission with an exact read grant on a directory can therefore learn names such as sub/secret.txt even though readdir on that subdirectory is denied. The flaw exposes names and timing metadata, not file contents, and requires macOS or Windows plus files created under the watched directory by another actor. This vulnerability affects Node.js 26.x, 24.x, and 22.x."}]},{"artifact":{"id":"43bfdd79f28acd39","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:node.js:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:node.js:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:nodejs:24.22.1-r1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"name":"nodejs","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/nodejs@24.22.1-r1?arch=x86_64&distro=alpine-3.24.3","type":"apk","version":"24.22.1-r1","language":"","licenses":["MIT"],"metadata":{"Arch":"x86_64","files":[{"path":"/usr"},{"path":"/usr/bin"},{"path":"/usr/bin/node"}]},"locations":[{"path":"/lib/apk/db/installed","layerID":"sha256:a64c795bff0a572f4510d72f50e557175733fa09e869b114f00e1fbe347f1976","accessPath":"/lib/apk/db/installed","annotations":{"evidence":"primary"}}],"upstreams":[{"name":"nodejs"}],"metadataType":"ApkMetadata"},"matchDetails":[{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-direct-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123862","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}},{"fix":{"suggestedVersion":"24.22.3-r0"},"type":"exact-indirect-match","found":{"vulnerabilityID":"CVE-2026-123862","versionConstraint":"< 24.22.3-r0 (apk)"},"matcher":"apk-matcher","searchedBy":{"distro":{"type":"alpine","version":"3.24.3"},"package":{"name":"nodejs","version":"24.22.1-r1"},"namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24"}}],"vulnerability":{"id":"CVE-2026-123862","fix":{"state":"fixed","versions":["24.22.3-r0"],"available":[{"date":"2026-11-12","kind":"first-observed","version":"24.22.3-r0"}]},"cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","metrics":{"baseScore":2.9,"impactScore":1.5,"exploitabilityScore":1.5},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123862","cwe":"CWE-248","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"risk":0,"urls":[],"severity":"Low","namespace":"alpine:distro:alpine:3.24","advisories":[],"dataSource":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2026-123862"},"relatedVulnerabilities":[{"id":"CVE-2026-123862","cvss":[{"type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","metrics":{"baseScore":2.9,"impactScore":1.5,"exploitabilityScore":1.5},"version":"3.0","vendorMetadata":{}}],"cwes":[{"cve":"CVE-2026-123862","cwe":"CWE-248","type":"Secondary","source":"ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb"}],"urls":["https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/november-2026-security-releases"],"severity":"Low","namespace":"nvd:cpe","dataSource":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-123862","description":"An uncatchable exception in the Node.js zlib streaming API lets a peer crash a process by disconnecting while data is being compressed. zlib.params() queues a flush and completes its work in that write's callback; if the stream is destroyed first, as pipeline() does when the peer goes away, Writable still invokes the callback with an error, but the callback ignores its arguments and asserts that the native handle still exists. The handle is gone, so an ERR_INTERNAL_ASSERTION is thrown from inside stream internals and bypasses the stream's error event, the params() callback, and the pipeline() callback, terminating the process. An application is affected only if it calls deflate.params() while streaming to a peer, which is uncommon. 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